{"id":1872,"date":"2026-01-18T15:06:19","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T15:06:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topkeymedical.com\/?p=1872"},"modified":"2026-01-18T15:31:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T15:31:57","slug":"tipos-de-agulhas-medicas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topkeymedical.com\/pt\/tipos-de-agulhas-medicas\/","title":{"rendered":"Tipos de agulhas m\u00e9dicas: Um guia t\u00e9cnico abrangente para profissionais de sa\u00fade"},"content":{"rendered":"
As agulhas m\u00e9dicas est\u00e3o entre os dispositivos m\u00e9dicos mais utilizados nos cuidados de sa\u00fade modernos, suportando aplica\u00e7\u00f5es que v\u00e3o desde a vacina\u00e7\u00e3o de rotina a procedimentos complexos de diagn\u00f3stico e interven\u00e7\u00e3o. Apesar da sua aparente simplicidade, as agulhas s\u00e3o produtos de alta engenharia cujo desempenho depende do controlo preciso do calibre, comprimento, geometria do bisel, propriedades do material e mecanismos de seguran\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Globalmente, s\u00e3o efectuados todos os anos milhares de milh\u00f5es de injec\u00e7\u00f5es e procedimentos com agulhas. Consequentemente, uma sele\u00e7\u00e3o incorrecta da agulha ou uma conce\u00e7\u00e3o sub\u00f3ptima podem ter consequ\u00eancias de grande alcance, incluindo a administra\u00e7\u00e3o incorrecta de medicamentos, maior desconforto para o doente, les\u00f5es nos tecidos, erros de diagn\u00f3stico e exposi\u00e7\u00e3o profissional a agentes patog\u00e9nicos transmitidos pelo sangue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Este artigo fornece uma vis\u00e3o geral estruturada e t\u00e9cnica dos principais tipos de agulhas m\u00e9dicas utilizadas em todo o mundo. Destina-se a profissionais de sa\u00fade, equipas de aprovisionamento cl\u00ednico e especialistas em dispositivos que necessitem de uma compreens\u00e3o clara da classifica\u00e7\u00e3o das agulhas, da l\u00f3gica de conce\u00e7\u00e3o e da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o cl\u00ednica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vis\u00e3o geral das principais categorias de agulhas m\u00e9dicas e aplica\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Precis\u00e3o na coloca\u00e7\u00e3o do cateter<\/td><\/tr>
Agulhas Huber<\/td>
Acesso ao porto implantado<\/td>
Enfermeiros de oncologia<\/td>
Acesso ao septo sem perfura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><\/tr>
Agulhas de aspira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td>
Citologia, remo\u00e7\u00e3o de fluidos<\/td>
Radiologistas, cirurgi\u00f5es<\/td>
Trauma m\u00ednimo nos tecidos<\/td><\/tr>
Agulhas de bi\u00f3psia de n\u00facleo<\/td>
Diagn\u00f3stico histol\u00f3gico<\/td>
Radiologistas, cirurgi\u00f5es<\/td>
Amostragem de tecidos intactos<\/td><\/tr>
Agulhas de sutura cir\u00fargica<\/td>
Fecho dos tecidos<\/td>
Cirurgi\u00f5es<\/td>
Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o dos tecidos<\/td><\/tr>
Filtro \/ agulhas de enchimento sem corte<\/td>
Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos<\/td>
Farmac\u00eauticos, enfermeiros<\/td>
Entrega exacta ao tecido alvo<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
1. Agulhas hipod\u00e9rmicas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas hipod\u00e9rmicas s\u00e3o c\u00e2nulas ocas e afiadas concebidas para penetrar na pele e administrar ou retirar fluidos. S\u00e3o normalmente classificadas por calibre (G)<\/strong>, que indica o di\u00e2metro exterior, e comprimento<\/strong>, que determina a profundidade de penetra\u00e7\u00e3o. O \u00e2ngulo do bisel, a espessura da parede e a lubrifica\u00e7\u00e3o da superf\u00edcie tamb\u00e9m influenciam a for\u00e7a de inser\u00e7\u00e3o e as carater\u00edsticas do fluxo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas hipod\u00e9rmicas s\u00e3o geralmente subdivididas de acordo com a camada de tecido alvo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.1 Agulhas de inje\u00e7\u00e3o intrad\u00e9rmica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas intrad\u00e9rmicas s\u00e3o concebidas para injec\u00e7\u00f5es extremamente superficiais na derme. Uma vez que esta camada tem uma vasculariza\u00e7\u00e3o limitada, a administra\u00e7\u00e3o intrad\u00e9rmica \u00e9 utilizada principalmente para testes de diagn\u00f3stico e imunol\u00f3gicos e n\u00e3o para terapia sist\u00e9mica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As carater\u00edsticas principais incluem um comprimento curto, um calibre fino e uma geometria precisa do bisel para permitir uma forma\u00e7\u00e3o controlada da p\u00e1pula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.2 Agulhas de inje\u00e7\u00e3o subcut\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas subcut\u00e2neas penetram no tecido adiposo por baixo da pele e s\u00e3o normalmente utilizadas para medicamentos que requerem uma absor\u00e7\u00e3o lenta e sustentada. Estas agulhas equilibram o desconforto m\u00ednimo do doente com rigidez suficiente para uma inser\u00e7\u00e3o fi\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A inje\u00e7\u00e3o subcut\u00e2nea \u00e9 normalmente utilizada para insulina, anticoagulantes, hormonas e vacinas selecionadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.3 Agulhas de inje\u00e7\u00e3o intramuscular<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas intramusculares s\u00e3o mais compridas e, normalmente, de menor calibre do que as agulhas intrad\u00e9rmicas ou subcut\u00e2neas. S\u00e3o concebidas para atravessar a pele e o tecido adiposo para atingir o m\u00fasculo esquel\u00e9tico, permitindo uma absor\u00e7\u00e3o mais r\u00e1pida e maiores volumes de inje\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tipos de agulhas hipod\u00e9rmicas por profundidade de inje\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tipo de inje\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th>
Tecido alvo<\/th>
Calibre t\u00edpico (G)<\/th>
Comprimento t\u00edpico<\/th>
Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es comuns<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Intrad\u00e9rmica (ID)<\/td>
Derme<\/td>
25-27 G<\/td>
6-13 mm<\/td>
Testes de tuberculose, testes de alergia<\/td><\/tr>
As agulhas de insulina representam uma categoria especializada de agulhas hipod\u00e9rmicas optimizadas para injec\u00e7\u00f5es frequentes e auto-administradas. O seu design d\u00e1 prioridade ao conforto do doente, \u00e0 precis\u00e3o da dosagem e \u00e0 consist\u00eancia numa vasta gama de tipos de corpo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Estas agulhas s\u00e3o normalmente de calibre ultrafino e de comprimento muito curto, reduzindo significativamente a dor de inser\u00e7\u00e3o e minimizando o risco de inje\u00e7\u00e3o intramuscular acidental. A maioria das agulhas de insulina est\u00e1 permanentemente ligada \u00e0s seringas de insulina para reduzir o espa\u00e7o morto e a variabilidade da dosagem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Compara\u00e7\u00e3o entre Agulhas de Insulina e Agulhas Subcut\u00e2neas Padr\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Par\u00e2metro<\/th>
Agulhas de insulina<\/th>
Agulhas SC standard<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Calibre t\u00edpico<\/td>
29-32 G<\/td>
25-27 G<\/td><\/tr>
Comprimento t\u00edpico<\/td>
4-12 mm<\/td>
8-16 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Frequ\u00eancia de inje\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td>
V\u00e1rias vezes ao dia<\/td>
Ocasional<\/td><\/tr>
Integra\u00e7\u00e3o de seringas<\/td>
Normalmente fixo<\/td>
Muitas vezes destac\u00e1veis<\/td><\/tr>
Otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o da dor<\/td>
Muito elevado<\/td>
Moderado<\/td><\/tr>
Risco de inje\u00e7\u00e3o IM<\/td>
Muito baixo<\/td>
Mais elevada em doentes magros<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Agulhas de acesso intravenoso e venoso<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
3.1 Agulhas para cateteres intravenosos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de cateter intravenoso s\u00e3o utilizadas para introduzir cateteres flex\u00edveis nas veias perif\u00e9ricas. Depois de estabelecido o acesso venoso, a agulha de a\u00e7o \u00e9 retirada enquanto o cateter permanece no local, permitindo a infus\u00e3o cont\u00ednua ou intermitente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A sele\u00e7\u00e3o do calibre depende do contexto cl\u00ednico, do caudal necess\u00e1rio e da anatomia do doente. Os calibres maiores permitem uma infus\u00e3o r\u00e1pida, enquanto os calibres mais pequenos s\u00e3o preferidos para veias pedi\u00e1tricas ou fr\u00e1geis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.2 Agulhas borboleta (infus\u00e3o com asas)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas borboleta s\u00e3o compostas por uma agulha curta de a\u00e7o, asas flex\u00edveis e tubo de extens\u00e3o. A sua conce\u00e7\u00e3o permite \u00e2ngulos de inser\u00e7\u00e3o pouco profundos e um melhor controlo, o que as torna particularmente \u00fateis para a pun\u00e7\u00e3o venosa e infus\u00f5es de curta dura\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas Butterfly s\u00e3o frequentemente utilizadas em pediatria, geriatria e em doentes com acesso venoso dif\u00edcil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Agulhas de recolha de sangue<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de recolha de sangue s\u00e3o especificamente concebidas para flebotomia e amostragem de diagn\u00f3stico e n\u00e3o para administra\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos. S\u00e3o normalmente utilizadas com sistemas de tubos evacuados e foram concebidas para fornecer um fluxo de sangue consistente, minimizando a hem\u00f3lise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de colheita de sangue modernas incorporam quase universalmente mecanismos de seguran\u00e7a para reduzir o risco de ferimentos com agulhas em ambientes laboratoriais de elevado rendimento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Compara\u00e7\u00e3o de Dispositivos de Acesso Intravenoso:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Colheita de sangue para diagn\u00f3stico<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Agulhas para anestesia e acesso especializado<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
5.1 Agulhas espinhais<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas espinhais s\u00e3o utilizadas para pun\u00e7\u00e3o lombar e anestesia espinhal. Os desenhos contempor\u00e2neos favorecem cada vez mais as pontas atraum\u00e1ticas, com ponta de l\u00e1pis, que separam as fibras durais em vez de as cortar, reduzindo a incid\u00eancia de cefaleias p\u00f3s-pun\u00e7\u00e3o dural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5.2 Agulhas epidurais<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas epidurais s\u00e3o maiores e estruturalmente distintas das agulhas espinhais. A ponta curva de Tuohy facilita o avan\u00e7o do cateter no espa\u00e7o epidural, minimizando o risco de pun\u00e7\u00e3o dural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5.3 Agulhas Huber<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas Huber s\u00e3o agulhas n\u00e3o perfurantes concebidas especificamente para aceder a portas vasculares implantadas. A sua ponta angular impede a perfura\u00e7\u00e3o do septo de silicone, preservando a integridade do orif\u00edcio e prolongando a vida \u00fatil do dispositivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anestesia e Agulhas de Acesso Especializadas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tipo de agulha<\/th>
Calibre t\u00edpico<\/th>
Desenho da ponta<\/th>
Fun\u00e7\u00e3o principal<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Agulha espinal (ponta de l\u00e1pis)<\/td>
22-27 G<\/td>
Atraum\u00e1tico, arredondado<\/td>
Raquianestesia, colheita de amostras de LCR<\/td><\/tr>
Agulha espinal (corte)<\/td>
22-25 G<\/td>
Bisel de corte<\/td>
Pun\u00e7\u00e3o lombar de diagn\u00f3stico<\/td><\/tr>
Agulha epidural (Tuohy)<\/td>
16-18 G<\/td>
Curvo, sem corte<\/td>
Coloca\u00e7\u00e3o de cateter epidural<\/td><\/tr>
Agulha Huber<\/td>
19-22 G<\/td>
Angular, n\u00e3o perfurante<\/td>
Acesso ao porto implantado<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Agulhas de bi\u00f3psia e de aspira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
6.1 Agulhas de aspira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de aspira\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o agulhas longas e de calibre fino utilizadas para retirar c\u00e9lulas ou fluidos para an\u00e1lise citol\u00f3gica. A sua conce\u00e7\u00e3o minimiza a rutura dos tecidos, permitindo simultaneamente a aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o adequada de amostras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00e3o normalmente utilizados em procedimentos de aspira\u00e7\u00e3o com agulha fina que envolvem a tiroide, os g\u00e2nglios linf\u00e1ticos, a mama e as massas de tecidos moles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6.2 Agulhas de bi\u00f3psia de n\u00facleo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de core biopsy s\u00e3o concebidas para remover amostras de tecido cil\u00edndrico intacto adequadas para exame histopatol\u00f3gico. S\u00e3o normalmente de maior calibre e podem ser utilizadas manualmente ou com sistemas de biopsia automatizados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Compara\u00e7\u00e3o entre agulhas de bi\u00f3psia e de aspira\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de sutura cir\u00fargica diferem fundamentalmente das agulhas de inje\u00e7\u00e3o. As agulhas de sutura de ponta c\u00f3nica t\u00eam uma sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal redonda que dilata o tecido em vez de o cortar, o que as torna adequadas para o encerramento de tecidos moles onde \u00e9 fundamental minimizar o trauma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Estas agulhas s\u00e3o normalmente utilizadas em cirurgia muscular, fascial e visceral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Agulhas para prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de cirurgias e medicamentos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tipo de agulha<\/th>
Geometria da ponta<\/th>
Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o prim\u00e1ria<\/th>
Vantagem de seguran\u00e7a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Agulha de sutura de ponta c\u00f3nica<\/td>
Redondo, n\u00e3o cortante<\/td>
Fecho de tecidos moles<\/td>
Redu\u00e7\u00e3o da rutura dos tecidos<\/td><\/tr>
Agulha de filtro<\/td>
Sem corte com microfiltro<\/td>
Retirada de medicamentos em ampolas<\/td>
Filtragem de part\u00edculas<\/td><\/tr>
Agulha de enchimento romba<\/td>
Totalmente sem corte<\/td>
Acesso a frascos, prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos<\/td>
Sem corte com um microfiltro<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8. Agulhas de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
8.1 Agulhas de filtragem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas com filtro incorporam um microfiltro integrado, normalmente de 5 microns, para remover a contamina\u00e7\u00e3o por part\u00edculas quando se retira medica\u00e7\u00e3o de ampolas de vidro. Destinam-se exclusivamente \u00e0 prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos e devem ser substitu\u00eddas antes da administra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8.2 Agulhas de enchimento sem corte<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas de enchimento sem corte s\u00e3o agulhas n\u00e3o afiadas utilizadas para acesso a frascos e prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos. A sua incapacidade de penetrar na pele reduz significativamente o risco de ferimentos acidentais com agulhas, mantendo o desempenho adequado do fluxo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9. Agulhas de seguran\u00e7a e considera\u00e7\u00f5es regulamentares<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas com engenharia de seguran\u00e7a s\u00e3o concebidas para reduzir a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o profissional a agentes patog\u00e9nicos transmitidos pelo sangue. Estes dispositivos incorporam carater\u00edsticas como escudos deslizantes, retra\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica ou tecnologia sem corte para cobrir ou eliminar a ponta afiada ap\u00f3s a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
As entidades reguladoras em todo o mundo exigem ou recomendam cada vez mais a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de agulhas de seguran\u00e7a, particularmente em ambientes de alto risco, como a flebotomia, campanhas de vacina\u00e7\u00e3o e enfermarias hospitalares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tecnologias e mecanismos de agulhas de seguran\u00e7a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mecanismo de seguran\u00e7a<\/th>
Tipo de ativa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th>
Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00edpicas<\/th>
Presta\u00e7\u00e3o de redu\u00e7\u00e3o de les\u00f5es<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Escudo deslizante<\/td>
Manual ou passivo<\/td>
Hipod\u00e9rmica, flebotomia<\/td>
Cobertura imediata da ponta<\/td><\/tr>
Agulha retr\u00e1til<\/td>
Autom\u00e1tico<\/td>
Seringas, acesso intravenoso<\/td>
Remo\u00e7\u00e3o completa da agulha<\/td><\/tr>
Tecnologia de ponta<\/td>
Passivo<\/td>
Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da medica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td>
Evita a penetra\u00e7\u00e3o na pele<\/td><\/tr>
Sistemas sem agulha<\/td>
Passivo<\/td>
Conectores IV<\/td>
Elimina totalmente os objectos cortantes<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Conclus\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
As agulhas m\u00e9dicas s\u00e3o dispositivos de precis\u00e3o cuja conce\u00e7\u00e3o e aplica\u00e7\u00e3o influenciam diretamente os resultados cl\u00ednicos, a experi\u00eancia dos doentes e a seguran\u00e7a dos profissionais de sa\u00fade. Compreender as distin\u00e7\u00f5es entre os tipos de agulhas \u00e9 essencial para uma utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o cl\u00ednica correta, uma aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o informada e a conformidade regulamentar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c0 medida que as normas globais evoluem e as expectativas de seguran\u00e7a aumentam, a inova\u00e7\u00e3o e a forma\u00e7\u00e3o cont\u00ednuas em tecnologia de agulhas continuam a ser fundamentais para o avan\u00e7o dos cuidados dos doentes e da sa\u00fade ocupacional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Como \u00e9 que o calibre da agulha afecta o conforto do doente e o caudal?<\/strong>
As agulhas de calibre inferior t\u00eam di\u00e2metros maiores, permitindo um maior fluxo, mas potencialmente mais desconforto. As agulhas de maior calibre reduzem a dor mas limitam o fluxo.<\/p> <\/div>
Porque \u00e9 que as agulhas de insulina s\u00e3o mais curtas do que as agulhas subcut\u00e2neas normais?<\/strong>
Os comprimentos mais curtos reduzem o risco de inje\u00e7\u00e3o intramuscular acidental e melhoram a consist\u00eancia entre os tipos de corpo dos doentes.<\/p> <\/div>
Quando \u00e9 que se deve optar por uma agulha de borboleta em vez de um cateter intravenoso?<\/strong>
As agulhas Butterfly s\u00e3o prefer\u00edveis para procedimentos curtos, veias fr\u00e1geis ou doentes pedi\u00e1tricos, enquanto os cateteres IV s\u00e3o melhores para infus\u00f5es cont\u00ednuas.<\/p> <\/div>
O que torna as agulhas Huber essenciais para os portos implantados?<\/strong>
A sua ponta n\u00e3o perfurante preserva a integridade do septo do porto, prolongando a vida \u00fatil do dispositivo e evitando fugas.<\/p> <\/div>
As agulhas com filtro s\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3rias para os medicamentos em ampolas?<\/strong>
Embora n\u00e3o sejam universalmente obrigat\u00f3rios, s\u00e3o fortemente recomendados para evitar a contamina\u00e7\u00e3o por part\u00edculas de vidro.<\/p> <\/div>
Como \u00e9 que as agulhas de seguran\u00e7a reduzem as les\u00f5es provocadas por seringas?<\/strong>
Incorporam mecanismos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o ou retra\u00e7\u00e3o que cobrem a agulha imediatamente ap\u00f3s a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o, minimizando a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o acidental.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Medical needles are among the most widely used medical devices in modern healthcare, supporting applications that range from routine vaccination […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1870,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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